Page 2 - Cl8-Bio_CBQ_Reaching the age of adolescence

E. Ovaries 5. Growth hormone

(i) A–5, B–3, C–4, D–1, E–2
(ii) A–2, B–3, C–1, D–4, E–5
(iii) A–3, B–5, C–2, D–1, E–4
(iv) A–4, B–1, C–5, D–3, E–2
7. Ravi, a student of Class 8, is learning about the physical changes during puberty in
humans. In the same lesson, he reads about metamorphosis in animals like frogs and
insects. He is confused and asks, “If humans and frogs both go through major changes
as they grow, is puberty in humans the same as metamorphosis in frogs?”
As a science student, how would you explain the difference between human
adolescence and animal metamorphosis to Ravi?
8. (a) A boy in your class suddenly notices that his voice is cracking and sounds different.
He feels embarrassed and avoids speaking in public. What would you tell him about
voice changes during puberty?
(b) How is this change different from adolescent girls?
9. A teenage girl experiences mood swings and acne. She is confused about why these
changes are happening.
Pimple and acne are more prominent in adolescent girls and boys.Give reason for this
statement.
10. The endocrine system is made up of glands that secrete hormones directly into the
bloodstream. These hormones control various functions such as growth, metabolism,
mood, and reproduction. Important endocrine glands include the pituitary gland, also
called the master gland, as it controls other glands. The thyroid gland regulates
metabolism through thyroxine. The adrenal glands help the body respond to stress by
producing adrenaline. The pancreas produces insulin which controls blood sugar levels.
In adolescents, the testes in boys and ovaries in girls become active and produce sex
hormones like testosterone and estrogen, triggering changes in the body during
puberty.
a) Name any three endocrine glands mentioned in the passage.
b) Why is the pituitary gland called the "master gland"?
c) A doctor notices a child is not growing normally. Which endocrine gland might
be responsible and why?
d) Evaluate the importance of hormonal balance in the human body using two
examples from the passage.
e) Imagine you are designing a health awareness poster for adolescents. Suggest
two key messages about the endocrine system and puberty.

11. Read the passage and answer the following questions:
Priya, a 13-year-old girl, has recently started noticing changes in her body such as
breast development and the onset of menstruation. She also feels more emotional and
sometimes confused. Her school counselor explained that these are normal signs of
adolescence and suggested she maintain a balanced diet and sleep well.
(a) What changes indicate that Priya is reaching adolescence?
(b) Why is emotional support important during this phase?
(c) List two health tips for adolescents.

12. Diabetes is a condition in which the blood sugar level of a person rises above the