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SAI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL
STD VI- HISTORY
CH 4 – The Beginnings of Indian Civilization
NOTES
Sub topic 2- From Village to City, The Saraswati River
Important Terms:
❖ Tributary: A river that flows into a larger river (or lake). For instance, the
Yamuna is a tributary of the Ganga.
❖ Harappans: Archaeologists gave this civilisation several names — ‘Indus’,
‘Harappan’, ‘Indus-Sarasvatī’ or ‘Sindhu-Sarasvatī’ civilisation. Its
inhabitants are called ‘Harappans’. It is one of the oldest civilisations in
the world.
The First urbanisation in India took place around 2600 BCE. This development
is also called the ‘First Urbanisation of India’. The vast plains of Punjab and Sind are
watered by Indus River , which made the land fertile, which in turn facilitated the
growth of villages (3500 BCE) to cities (2600 BCE).
❖ Main cities: Harappa, Mohenjo-daro, Dholavira, Rakhigarhi,
Ganweriwala, Kalibangan.
❖ The Sarasvatī River is first mentioned in the Ṛig Veda.
❖ Sarasvatī is worshipped both as a goddess and as a river flowing ‘from
the mountain to the sea’.