Page 1 - 3. LESSON NOTES-(THOMSON'SMODEL OF AN ATOM AND ITS DRAWBACKS)TS DRAWBACKS)
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SAI International School
Lesson Notes
Subject-Chemistry
Ch-Atoms and Molecules
Topic- Thomson’s model of an atom and its drawbacks
To be done in CW Copy
Introduction: J.J. Thomson, who discovered the electron in 1897, proposed the plum
pudding model of the atom in 1904 before the discovery of the atomic nucleus in order to
include the electron in the atomic model.
Postulates of Thomson’s atomic model
Postulate 1: An atom consists of a positively charged sphere with electrons embedded in it
Postulate 2: An atom as a whole is electrically neutral because the negative and positive
charges are equal in magnitude
Thomson atomic model is compared to watermelon. Where he considered:
• Watermelon seeds as negatively charged particles
• The red part of the watermelon as positively charged
Limitations of Thomson’s atomic model
• It failed to explain the stability of an atom because his model of atom failed to
explain how a positive charge holds the negatively charged electrons in an atom. Therefore,
this theory also failed to account for the position of the nucleus in an atom
• Thomson’s model failed to explain the scattering of alpha particles by thin metal foils
• No experimental evidence in its support
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