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SAI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, BHUBANESWAR.
                                Class VIII: SOCIAL STUDIES – GEOGRAPHY

                                     CHAPTER - 6- HUMAN RESOURCES

                                               (VIRTUAL CLASSES)


                                 NOTES FOR CHAPTER-6- HUMAN RESOURCES

        SUBTOPIC-  Population Change


            •  Population change refers to the change in the number of people, during a specific time, due
               to birth, death and migration.
            •  Life expectancy is the number of years that an average person can expect to live.
            •  The imbalance in the birth rate and the death rate is the major cause of the sudden change
               in the world’s population.
                   o  Birth rate is the number of live babies born in a year for every 1000 people in the
                       total population.
                   o  Death rate is the number of people dying per 1000 people.
                   o  The difference in the birth rate and the death rate of a country is called the natural
                       growth rate.
                   o  There is no natural growth if birth rate and death rate are at the same level.
            •  A rapid increase in population is referred to as population explosion. If the birth rate is more
               than the death rate then there is an increase in population.
            •  A decrease in population is known as depopulation. If the death rate is more than the birth
               rate then there is a decrease in the population.
            •  The movement of people into and out of an area can also change the size of a population in
               that area. This movement is called migration.
                   o  People who leave a country are called emigrants.
                   o  People who arrive in a country are called immigrants.
                   o  The main reason behind international migrations is search for better employment
                       opportunities.





        Pattern of Population Change

            •  The pattern of population growth varies from country to country.
            •  Not all countries experience the population growth even though the world’s total population
               is increasing at a fast pace.
            •  There are varying conditions of birth rate and death rate all around the world. Kenya  and
               United Kingdom are examples followed by India and china.
            •  The present population of the world is 7.6 billion and is expected to be rise to 9.6 billion by
               2050.
            •  By 2020 India is expected to surpass the population of China.
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