Page 1 - 2.Lesson Notes-Working Towards change-181209090111

SAI INERNATIONAL RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL
SESSION 2020-2021
CLASS VIII HISTORY
CH-WOMEN, CASTE AND REFORM

SUB TOPICS NOTES
WOMEN WRITE
ABOUT WOMEN Muslim women like Begums of Bhopal promoted education
among women and founded a primary school for girls at Aligarh.
Begum Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain started schools for Muslim
girls in Patna and Calcutta.
Indian women began to enter universities by 1880s.

Tarabai Shinde got education at home at Poona, published a
book, Stripurushtulna, criticising the social differences
between men & women.
Pandita Ramabai was a great scholar of Sanskrit, She founded
a widows’ home at Poona to provide shelter to widows

Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhash Chandra Bose gave their
support to demands for greater equality and freedom for
women.

CASTE AND Social reformers criticized caste inequalities. Paramhans
SOCIAL REFORM Mandali was founded in 1840 in Bombay to work for the
abolition of caste.
The Prarthana Samaj adhered to the tradition of Bhakti that
believed in spiritual equality of all castes.
Christians missionaries began setting up schools for the tribal
groups and ‘lower’-caste children.

There were availability of jobs in cities in factories. Many poor
people from the villages & small towns who belonged to low
castes got the jobs as labour.

Army was another option in jobs. A number of Mahar people,
who were regarded as untouchables, found jobs in the Mahar
Regiment.

DEMANDS FOR By the second half of the 19th century, people from within the
EQUALITY AND ‘lower’ castes began organizing movements against caste
JUSTICE discrimination and demanded social equality and justice.

The Satnami movement in Central India was founded by
Ghasidas.
In eastern Bengal, Haridas Thakur’s Matua sect worked among