Page 1 - LN- Std 8 - civics - Chap 7 - Subtopic - 1

SAI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL
VIRTUAL LEARNING MODULE 27 (10.1), 2020 – 21
Subject – Civics
Chapter – 10: LAW AND SOCIAL JUSTICE
Class – VIII
Sub topic 1: Introduction

Notes

NOTES

Pages: 120, 121, 122, 123

Introduction -:

 A chain of markets links the producer of cotton to the buyer of the shirt in the
supermarket.
 Buying and selling takes place at every step in the chain.
 The people who are directly or indirectly involved in the production of the shirt
are –
(I) – The small farmer producing cotton
(II) – The weavers
(III) – The workers in the garment exporting factory

- All these people faced exploitation or an unfair situation in the market.

 Markets everywhere tend to be exploitative for the workers, consumers or
producers.
 To protect people from exploitation the government makes certain laws.
 These laws ensure all unfair practices are minimized.
 Market situation – Issue of worker’s wages, private companies, contractors,
business persons normally want to make as much profit as they can. In the
process they may deny worker their rights and not pay them their wages. This
is illegal in the eyes of the law.
 Law on minimum wages to ensure that the workers are not underpaid. A
worker has to be paid not less than the minimum wage by the employer. The
minimum wages are revised upwards every few years. This law is meant to
protect the workers.
 There are also laws that to protect the interest of the producers and
consumers in the market.