Page 1 - LN-sub topic 3-A CLOSER LOOK THE GONDS, THE AHOMS
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SAI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL


                                                  SUB – HISTORY

                                                        STD VII


                                       Module: 23 (NOTES) (page 94-97)

                                   CH- 7: TRIBES, NOMADS AND SETTLED COMMUNITIES

               Sub-Topic: How Nomads and Mobile People Lived
                                   Changing Society: New Castes and Hierarchies

                       How Nomads and Mobile People Lived
                          Nomads – they are wandering people. Most of them were pastoralists
                           who moved from one pasture to another with their flock and herds of
                           animals
                          Itinerant groups- they are such as crafts persons, peddlers and
                           entertainers travelled from one place to another practicing their different
                           professions.Many pastoralists reared and sold animals.
                          Banjaras-They were the most important nomadic traders and were
                           important for the economy. They were used caravans, called tanda.
                           They were hired by merchants, they bought grain where it was cheaper
                           and carried it to places where it was costlier.


                       Changing Society: New Castes and Hierarchies

               New Castes-


                     Smaller castes or jatis emerged within varnas.
                     Within the growth of economy and the needs of society, people with new skills
                       were required.
                     Many tribes and social groups were taken into caste-based society and given
                       the status of jatis.
                     New castes appeared amongst the Brahmanas.

               Rise of Rajputs-

                     The rise of Rajput clans to the position of rulers had set an example for the
                       tribal people to follow.
                     With the support of the Brahmanas, many tribes became the part of the caste
                       system.

                     But only the leading tribal families were allowed to join the ruling class.
                   a.  A large majority joined the lower jatis of caste society.
                       Among the Kshatriyas, new rajput clans became powerful and they replaced
                       the old rulers.
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