Page 1 - LN-Sub topic 1- Iron tools, irrigation, villages
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SAI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL


                                               CLASS VI HISTORY

                                CH 8- VITAL VILLAGES, THRIVING TOWNS


         NOTES-

         IRON TOOLS AND AGRICULTURE

                 Its use began 3000 years ago.
                 Iron tolls includes axes for clearing forests, iron ploughshare for increasing agricultural
                production.
         OTHER STEPS TO INCREASE PRODUCTION: IRRIGATION

                 Irrigation was used to increase production.
                 It included canals, wells, tanks, etc.
         WHO LIVED IN THE VILLAGES


                 Division of people in South-
                ➢  LARGEST LANDOWNER- VELLALAR
                ➢  ORDINARY PLOGHMEN- UZHAVAR
                ➢  LANDLESS LABOURERS- KADAISIYAR AND ADIMAI
                 Division of people in north-
                ➢  VILLAGE HEADMAN- GRAMBHOJAKA (largest landowner, judge, policeman)
                ➢  SMALL LANDOWNERS- GRIHAPATIS
                ➢  LANDLESS PEOPLE- DASAS/ KARAMKARA
                ➢  OTHERS- Craftsmen, potters, blacksmiths, etc.
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