Page 2 - LN- PARTIES AND PARTY SYSTEM IN INDIA
P. 2
and K.B. Sahay in Bihar were defeated alongwith majority lost mother states also
for the very first time any non-Congress party has secured majority including
coalition government consisting of different non-Congress parties which were
termed as 'Political earthquake'.
7. The election of 1967 brought the phenomenon of coalitions which was formed
together by joint legislature parties to be called SVD i.e. Samyukt Vidhayak Dal.
The SVD in Bihar included the two socialist parties-SSP and PSP alongwith CPI
on the left and Jana Sangh on the right. In Punjab it was called popular United
Front and comprised the two rival Akali Parties at that time.
8. The constant realignment and shifting political loyalties in this period(1967)
gave rise to the expression 'Aya Ram,Gaya Ram'.
9. Immediately, after 1967, Indira Gandhi faced two challenges to build her
independence from 'Syndicate' and to regain ground which were lost in 1967
elections by Congress. And Indira Gandhi adopted a very bold strategy as she
converted it into ideological struggle, launched a series ofmitiatives and got the
Congress Working Committee to adopt 'Ten Point Programme' in 1967 including
social control of Banks, Nationalisation of General Insurance, Ceiling on Urban
Property and Income, Public Distribution of Food Grains, Land Reforms etc.
10. Syndicate : It was the informal name given to a group of Congress leader like
K. Kamraj, S.K.Patil, N. Sanjeeva Reddy, Atulya Ghosh who were in control of
Party as organization i.e. within Congress. Syndicate had a greater say in Indira
Gandhi's first council of Ministers and in Policy formulations and implementations.
After split, Congress (0) and Indira led - Congress (R) formed which won the
popularity after 1971.
11. The formal split in Congress (Syndicate and Indira Gandhi) came into open in
1969 on nomination of candidate for president's post. Diplomatically, Indira
Gandhi's candidates won over syndicate's candidate (V.V. Giri over N. Sanjeeva
