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SAI International School
                                             Grade-IX, Sub: Geography

                                       Ch7- Lifelines of National Economy
                                Sub Topic 3-Transport (Pipelines, Waterways)



       Sub-topics        Lesson Notes

       Transport-        Pipelines
       (Pipelines,       • Pipeline transport network is new in India.
       Waterways)-       • These are used for transporting crude oil, petroleum products and natural gas
       page no- 85       from oil and natural gas fields to refineries, fertilizer factories and big thermal power
       to 88)
                         plants.
                         • There are three important networks of pipeline transportation in the country.
                         → From oil field in upper Assam to Kanpur (Uttar Pradesh), via Guwahati, Barauni
                         and Allahabad. It has branches from Barauni to Haldia, via Rajbandh, Rajbandh to
                         Maurigram and Guwahati to Siliguri.
                         → From Salaya in Gujarat to Jalandhar in Punjab, via Viramgam, Mathura, Delhi
                         and Sonipat. It has branches to connect Koyali (near Vadodara, Gujarat) Chakshu
                         and other places.
                         → Gas pipeline from Hazira in Gujarat connects Jagdishpur in Uttar Pradesh, via
                         Vijaipur in Madhya Pradesh. It has branches to Kota in Rajasthan, Shahajahanpur,
                         Babrala and other places in Uttar Pradesh.

                         Waterways
                         • Waterways are the cheapest means of transport.
                         → They are most suitable for carrying heavy and bulky goods.
                         → It is a fuel-efficient and environment friendly mode of transport.
                         • India has inland navigation waterways of 14,500 km in length.
                         • Waterways that have been declared as the National Waterways by the
                         Government are:
                         → The Ganga river between Allahabad and Haldia (1620 km)-N.W. No.1
                         → The Brahmaputra river between Sadiya and Dhubri (891 km)-N.W. No.2
                         → The West-Coast Canal in Kerala (Kottapurma-Kollam, Udyogamandal and
                         Champakkara canals-205 km) – N.W. No.3
                         → Specified stretches of Godavari and Krishna rivers along with Kakinada
                         Puducherry stretch of canals (1078 km) – N.W. No.4
                         → Specified stretches of river Brahmani along with Matai river, delta channels of
                         Mahanadi and Brahmani rivers and East Coast Canal (588 km) – N.W. No.5.
                         • India’s trade with foreign countries is carried from the ports located along the
                         coast.
                         • 95 percent of the country’s trade volume (68 percent in terms of value) is moved
                         by sea.
                         Major Sea Ports
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