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SAI International School
                                             Grade-X, Sub: Geography

                                       Ch7- Lifelines of National Economy
                                Sub Topic1- Introduction, Transport (Roadways)




       Sub-topics        Lesson Notes

       Introduction,     Introduction
       Transport            •  The pace of economic development of a country depends upon the
       (Roadways)-              production of goods and services as well as their movement over space.
       page no- 81          •  The movement of these goods and services from their supply locations to
       to 83                    demand locations depends upon the network of transport and
                                communication.
                            •  It provides employment to the people who are engaged in facilitating these
                                movements. These are known to be traders who make the products come to
                                the consumers by a network of transportation.
                            •  Transport has been able to achieve this with the help of equally developed
                                communication system. Therefore transport, communication and trade are
                                complementary to each other.
                            •  Today the world has been converted into a large village mostly through trade
                                transactions with the help of efficient and fast moving transport and
                                communication system.
                         Modes of Transport
                         Roadways
                         • India has one of the largest road networks in the world, totaling to about 2.3
                         million km at present.

                         • Advantages of roadways over railways:
                         → Construction cost of roads is much lower than that of railway lines
                         → Roads can traverse comparatively more dissected and undulating topography
                         → Roads can negotiate higher gradients of slopes and as such can traverse
                         mountains such as the Himalayas.
                         → Road transport is economical in transportation of few persons and relatively
                         smaller amount of goods over short distances.
                         → It also provides door-to-door service, thus the cost of loading and unloading is
                         much lower.
                         → Road transport is also used as a feeder to other modes of transport such as they
                         provide a link between railway stations, air and sea ports.

                         • Roads are categorized into six classes:
                         → Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways: The project was launched by the
                         government to link Delhi-Kolkata- Chennai-Mumbai and Delhi by six-lane Super
                         Highways. The major objective of these Super Highways is to reduce the time and
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